Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 18/Verse 31

यया धर्ममधर्मं च कार्यं चाकार्यमेव च ।

अयथावत्प्रजानाति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ राजसी ॥१८- ३१॥

yayā dharmamadharmaṃ ca kāryaṃ cākāryameva ca ।


ayathāvatprajānāti buddhiḥ sā pārtha rājasī ॥18- 31॥

By which the understanding incorrectly distinguishes right and wrong, and indeed, the to-be done and not-to-be done, that is rajasic, Son of Pritha. 


yayā (pronoun, 3rd person, feminine, instrumental, singular) = by which 

dharmam (masculine, accusative, singular) (masculine, accusative, singular) = right 

adharmam (masculine, accusative, singular) = wrong

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and

kāryam (gerundive, neuter, nominative, singular) = to-be done 

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and

akāryam (gerundive, neuter, nominative, singular) = not-to-be done 

eva (adverb) (indeclinable) = indeed 

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and

ayathāvat (adverb) (indeclinable) = incorrectly 

prajānāti (present tense, 3rd person, singular) = it distinguishes 

buddhis (feminine, nominative, singular) = understanding 

sā (pronoun, 3rd person, feminine, singular) = that

pārtha (masculine, vocative, singular) = Son of Pritha 

rājasī (feminine, nominative, singular) = rajasic