Friday, April 15, 2016

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 4/Verse 22

यदृच्छालाभसंतुष्टो द्वन्द्वातीतो विमत्सरः ।
समः सिद्धावसिद्धौ च कृत्वापि न निबध्यते ॥४-२२॥

yadṛcchālābhasaṃtuṣṭo dvandvātīto vimatsaraḥ ।
samaḥ siddhāvasiddhau ca kṛtvāpi na nibadhyate ॥4-22॥

Acting as one likes, contentment obtained, gone beyond opposites, free from envy, equal in success and failure. Even having done, one is not bound. 


Word-for-word translations

yadṛcchā (feminine, nominative, singular) = acting as one likes

lābhasaṃtuṣṭas (lābha + saṃtuṣṭas) (compound) (past passive participle, masculine, nominative, singular) = contentment obtained

dvandvātītas (dvandva + atītas) (compound) (past passive participle, masculine, nominative, singular) = gone beyond opposites 

vimatsaras (masculine, nominative, singular) = free from envy

samas (masculine, nominative, singular) = equal

siddhāu (feminine, locative, singular) = in success 

asiddhau (feminine, locative, singular) = in failure

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and 

kṛtvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = having done

api (adverb) (indeclinable) = even 

na (adverb) (indeclinable) = not

nibadhyate (present tense, 3rd person, singular) = one is bound 


Commentary

Most translations try to combine the words "yadṛcchā" and "lābhasaṃtuṣṭas," into a phrase, but this is not grammatically correct because they are both in the nominative case and of different genders. And the phrase does not make sense as a copula. 

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