Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 1/Verse 20

Chapter 1/Verse 20

अथ व्यवस्थितान्दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान्कपिध्वजः ।

प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसंपाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः ॥१-२०॥

atha vyavasthitāndṛṣṭvā dhārtarāṣṭrānkapidhvajaḥ ।

pravṛtte śastrasaṃpāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ

॥1-20॥

Then seeing the arrayed sons of Dhārtarāṣṭra at the commencement of the clash of weapons, son of Pāṇḍu, ape-bannered, lifting bow ...

atha (adverb) (indeclinable) = then

vyavasthitān (verb root:sthitā) (vi + ava + sthita) (past passive participle, accusative, plural) = arrayed

dṛṣṭvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = seeing

dhārtarāṣṭrān (stem form: dhārtarāṣṭra) (masculine, accusative, plural with nominal derivative) = sons of Dhārtarāṣṭra

kapidhvajas (stem form: kapidhvaja) (kapi + dhvajas) ((bahuvrihī compound, masculine, nominative, singular) = ape-bannered (epithet of Arjuna, a central character in the Bhagavad Gita)

pravṛtte (stem form: pravṛtta) (masculine, locative, singular) = at the commencement

śastrasaṃpāte (stem form: śastrasaṃpāta) (śastra + saṃpāte) (tatpurūṣa compound, masculine, locative, singular) = clash of weapons

dhanus (stem form: dhanu) (masculine, accusative, singular) = bow

udyamya (gerund) (indeclinable) = lifting

pāṇḍavas (stem form: pāṇḍava) (masculine, nominative, singular with nominal derivative) = son of Pāṇḍu (epithet of Arjuna, a central character in the Bhagavad Gita)