Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 1/Verse 19

Chapter 1/Verse 19

स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत् ।

नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन् ॥१-१९॥

sa ghoṣo dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ hṛdayāni vyadārayat ।

nabhaśca pṛthivīṃ caiva tumulo vyanunādayan

॥1-19॥

That uproar caused the piercing of the hearts of the sons-of-Dhārtarāṣṭra, and indeed, the tumult caused resonance in the earth and sky.

sas (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, nominative, singular) = that

ghoṣas (verb root: ghoṣ) (verbal noun, masculine, nominative, singular) = uproar

dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām (stem form: dhārtarāṣṭra) (masculine, genitive, plural with nominal derivative) = of the sons of Dhārtarāṣṭra

hṛdayāni (stem form: hṛdaya) (neuter, accusative, plural) = hearts

vyadārayat (verb root: dṛ) (vi + adārayat) (imperfect causative, intransitive, 3rd person, singular) = it caused to pierce

nabhas (stem form: nabha) (neuter, nominative, singular)= sky

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and

pṛthivīm (stem form: pṛthivī) (feminine, accusative, singular) = earth

ca (indeclinable) = and

eva (indeclinable) =  (emphatic particle, emphasizes preceding word)

tumulas (stem form: tumula) (masculine, nominative, singular) = tumult

vyanunādayan (verb root: nad) (vi + anu + nādayan) (causative, masculine, nominative, singular) = causing to resonate