Saturday, September 19, 2015

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 2/Verse 5

गुरूनहत्वा हि महानुभावान् श्रेयो भोक्तुं भैक्ष्यमपीह लोके ।
हत्वार्थकामांस्तु गुरूनिहैव भुञ्जीय भोगान् रुधिरप्रदिग्धान् ॥२- ५॥


gurūnahatvā hi mahānubhāvān śreyo bhoktuṃ bhaikṣyamapīha loke ।

hatvārthakāmāṃstu gurūnihaiva bhuñjīya bhogān rudhirapradigdhān ॥2- 5॥

Indeed, having slain greatly dignified gurus, [it would be] better to eat food received from begging. Even here in this location having slain gurus undoubtedly covetous, indeed here I should enjoy blood-smeared pleasures. 

Word-for-word translation

gurūn (accusative, plural) = gurus

ahatvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = having slain

hi (interjection) (indeclinable) = indeed

mahānubhāvān (mahā + anubhāvān) (compound) (adjective) (accusative, plural) = greatly dignified

śreyas (comparative) (nominative, singular) = better

bhoktum (infinitive) (indeclinable) = to eat

bhaikṣyam (accusative, singular) = food received from begging  

api (adverb) (indeclinable) = even

iha (adverb) (indeclinable) = here

loke (locative, singular) = in this location


hatvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = having slain

arthakāmāṃs (artha + kāmān) (adjective) (accusative, plural) = desires for wealth (covetous)  

tu (adjective) (indeclinable) = undoubtedly

gurūn (accusative, plural) = gurus

iha (adverb) (indeclinable) = here

eva (emphatic particle) (indeclinable) = indeed

bhuñjīya (optative, 1st person, singular) = I should enjoy

bhogān (accusative, plural) = pleasures

rudhirapradigdhān (rudhira + pradigdhān) (compound) (adjective) (accusative, plural) = blood-smeared


Commentary

This verse has many good examples of gerund usage, optative, and infinitive usage, and adjectival syntax. I especially enjoyed the indeclinable use of the word "tu" meaning "undoubtedly". 

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