Saturday, September 19, 2015

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 2/Verse 4

कथं भीष्ममहं संख्ये द्रोणं च मधुसूदन ।
इषुभिः प्रतियोत्स्यामि पूजार्हावरिसूदन ॥२- ४॥


kathaṃ bhīṣmamahaṃ saṃkhye droṇaṃ ca madhusūdana ।

iṣubhiḥ pratiyotsyāmi pūjārhāvarisūdana ॥2- 4॥

O Madhusūdana, how will I counterattack Bhīṣma and Droṇa with arrows in combat? [These two men are] worthy of worship, O Arisūdana.


Word-for-word translation


katham (adverb) (indeclinable) = how?


bhīṣmam (accusative, singular) = Bhīṣma


aham (pronoun, 1st person, singular) = I


saṃkhye (locative, singular) = in combat


droṇam (accusative, singular) = Droṇa


ca (indeclinable) = and


madhusūdana (vocative, singular) = O Madhusūdana [epithet of Krishna]



iṣubhis (instrumental, plural) = with arrows

pratiyotsyāmi (future tense, 1st person, singular) = I will counterattack 


pūjārhau (pūjā + arhau) (compound) (nominative, dual) = worthy of worship


arisūdana (vocative, singular= O Arisūdana [epithet of Krishna]



Commentary 


A few translations seem to leave out the last vocative "arisūdana" and directly place the adjective "pūjārhau" right after "Bhīṣma and Droṇa" verses keeping it completely separate with the vocative "arisūdana". 

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