Saturday, September 19, 2015

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 2/Verse 6

न चैतद्विद्मः कतरन्नो गरीयो यद्वा जयेम यदि वा नो जयेयुः ।
यानेव हत्वा न जिजीविषाम स्तेऽवस्थिताः प्रमुखे धार्तराष्ट्राः ॥२- ६॥


na caitadvidmaḥ kataranno garīyo yadvā jayema yadi vā no jayeyuḥ ।
yāneva hatvā na jijīviṣāma ste'vasthitāḥ pramukhe dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ ॥2- 6॥

And this we don't know: which two of us is more important or if we should conquer them or they should conquer us! Before the sons-of-Dhritarāṣṭra arrays having killed, we don't desire to live


Word-for-word translation

na (adverb) (indeclinable) = not 

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and 

etad (pronoun, nominative, singular)  = this 

vidmas (present tense, 1st person, plural) = we know

kataras (pronoun, nominative, singular) = which two?

nas (pronoun, accusative, plural) = us

garīyas (comparative) (nominative, singular) = more important

yad (relative pronoun, nominative, singular) = which 

vā (conjunction) (indeclinable) = or 

jayema (optative, 1st person, plural) = we should conquer

yadi (conjunction) = if

vā (conjunction) (indeclinable) = or 

nas (pronoun, accusative, plural) = us

jayeyus (optative, 3rd person, plural) = they should conquer


yān (relative pronoun, accusative, plural) = which 

eva (emphatic particle) (indeclinable) = (emphatic particle emphasizing previous word)

hatvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = having killed 

na (adverb) (indeclinable) = not 

jijīviṣāmas (present tense, 1st person, plural) = we desire to live

te (pronoun, nominative, plural) = them

avasthitās (nominative, plural) = arrays

pramukhe (preposition) (indeclinable) = before

dhārtarāṣṭrās (adjective) (nominative, plural) = sons-of-Dhritarāṣṭra


Commentary 

From the previous translations, I like the Laurie L. Patton translation the best given that interpretation believes this verse is stating that Arjuna's army is before the arrays of the sons-of-Dhritarāṣṭra and not the other way around, as most other translations state. The clarification comes through with knowing that "dhārtarāṣṭrās" is an adjective of "avasthitās" and "pramukhe" is an indeclinable meaning "before" or "opposite". This makes sense because Arjuna is speaking now and talking about the opposing side feeling grief from killing them. 

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