अहं हि सर्वयज्ञानां भोक्ता च प्रभुरेव च ।
न तु मामभिजानन्ति तत्त्वेनातश्च्यवन्ति ते ॥९- २४॥
ahaṃ hi sarvayajñānāṃ bhoktā ca prabhureva ca ।
na tu māmabhijānanti tattvenātaścyavanti te ॥9- 24॥
And indeed, I am the one who enjoys and the lord of all the sacrifices, but with that truth they do not recognize me. Hence, they deviate.
aham (pronoun, 1st person, masculine, nominative, singular) = I
hi (adverb) (indeclinable) = indeed
sarvayajñānām (sarva + yajñānām) = of all sacrifices
bhoktā (masculine, nominative, singular) = one who enjoys
ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and
prabhus (masculine, nominative, singular) = lord
eva (adverb) (conjunction) = indeed
ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and
na (adverb) (indeclinable) = not
tu (conjunction) (indeclinable) = but
mām (pronoun, 1st person, accusative, singular) = me
abhijānanti (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they recognize
tattvena (neuter, instrumental, singular) = with that truth
atas (adverb) (indeclinable) = hence
cyavanti (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they deviate
te (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, nominative, plural) = they
येऽप्यन्यदेवताभक्ता यजन्ते श्रद्धयान्विताः ।
तेऽपि मामेव कौन्तेय यजन्त्यविधिपूर्वकम् ॥९- २३॥
ye'pyanyadevatābhaktā yajante śraddhayānvitāḥ ।
te'pi māmeva kaunteya yajantyavidhipūrvakam ॥9- 23॥
Also those who worship other gods sacrifice with faith, indeed, even they, against prescribed rules, sacrifice joined with me, Son of Kunti.
ye (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, nominative, plural) = those who
api (adverb) (indeclinable) = also
anyadevatābhaktās (anya + devatā + bhaktās) (past passive participle, masculine, nominative, plural) = worship other gods
yajante (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they sacrifice
śraddhayā (feminine, instrumental, singular) = with faith
anvitās (past passive participle, masculine, nominative, plural) = joined with
te (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, nominative, plural) = they
api (adverb) (indeclinable) = even
mām (pronoun, 1st person, accusative, singular) = me
eva (adverb) (indeclinable) = indeed
kaunteya (masculine, vocative, singular) = Son of Kunti (epithet of Arjuna)
yajanti (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they sacrifice
avidhipūrvakam (adverb) (indeclinable) = against prescribed rules
अनन्याश्चिन्तयन्तो मां ये जनाः पर्युपासते ।
तेषां नित्याभियुक्तानां योगक्षेमं वहाम्यहम् ॥९- २२॥
ananyāścintayanto māṃ ye janāḥ paryupāsate ।
teṣāṃ nityābhiyuktānāṃ yogakṣemaṃ vahāmyaham ॥9- 22॥
People, with thinking undivided, who worship me, I bring ease in yoga of those who are eternally yoked.
ananyās (masculine, nominative, plural) = undivided
cintayantas (present participle, masculine, nominative, plural) = them thinking
mām (pronoun, 1st person, accusative, singular) = me
ye (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, nominative, plural) = who
janās (masculine, nominative, plural) = people
paryupāsate (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they worship
teṣām (pronoun, 3rd person, genitive, plural) = of those
nityābhiyuktānām (nitya + abhiyuktānām) (masculine, genitive, plural) = of those who are eternally yoked
yogakṣemam (yoga + kṣemam) (masculine, accusative, singular) = ease in yoga
vahāmi (present tense, 1st person, singular) = I bring
aham (pronoun, 1st person, nominative, singular) = I
ते तं भुक्त्वा स्वर्गलोकं विशालं
क्षीणे पुण्ये मर्त्यलोकं विशन्ति ।
एवं त्रयीधर्ममनुप्रपन्ना
गतागतं कामकामा लभन्ते ॥९- २१॥
te taṃ bhuktvā svargalokaṃ viśālaṃ
kṣīṇe puṇye martyalokaṃ viśanti ।
evaṃ trayīdharmamanuprapannā
gatāgataṃ kāmakāmā labhante ॥9- 21॥
They having enjoyed that illustrious world of heaven, they enter the mortal world in emaciated virtue, thus following after various desires they obtain the purpose of the three Vedas, coming and going.
te (masculine, nominative, plural) = they
tam (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, accusative, singular) = that
bhuktvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = having enjoyed
svargalokaṃ (svarga + lokaṃ) (masculine, accusative, singular) = the world of heaven
viśālam (masculine, accusative, singular) = illustrious
kṣīṇe (past passive participle, masculine, locative, singular) = in the emaciated
puṇye (masculine, locative, singular) = in the virtue
martyalokam (martya + lokam) (masculine, accusative, singular) = mortal world
viśanti (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they enter
evam (adverb) (indeclinable) = thus
trayīdharmam (masculine, accusative, singular) = the purpose of the three Vedas
anuprapannās (past passive participle, masculine, nominative, plural) = following after
gatāgatam (masculine, accusative, singular) = coming and going
kāmakāmās (masculine, nominative, plural) = various desires
labhante (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they obtain
Many previous translations error in assigning "trayīdharmam" a nominative case versus, the correct, accusative case, thus misinterpreting the verse.
त्रैविद्या मां सोमपाः पूतपापा
यज्ञैरिष्ट्वा स्वर्गतिं प्रार्थयन्ते ।
ते पुण्यमासाद्य सुरेन्द्रलोक-
मश्नन्ति दिव्यान्दिवि देवभोगान् ॥९- २०॥
traividyā māṃ somapāḥ pūtapāpā
yajñairiṣṭvā svargatiṃ prārthayante ।
te puṇyamāsādya surendraloka-
maśnanti divyāndivi devabhogān ॥9- 20॥
Knowers of the three Vedas, soma drinkers those whose evils are cleansed having worshiped me with sacrifices, they seek the virtuous path to heaven. Having attained the world of Indra, they attain the divine pleasures of the gods in heaven.
traividyās (masculine, nominative, plural) = knowers of the three Vedas
mām (pronoun, 1st person, accusative, singular) = me
somapās (masculine, nominative, plural) = soma drinkers
pūtapāpās (pūta + pāpās) (masculine, nominative, plural) = those whose evils are cleansed
yajñais (masculine, instrumental, plural) = with sacrifices
iṣṭvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = having worshiped
svargatim (feminine, accusative, singular) = path to heaven
prārthayante (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they seek
te (masculine, nominative, plural) = they
puṇyam (masculine, accusative, singular) = the virtuous
āsādya (gerund) (indeclinable) = having attained
surendralokam (surendra + lokam) (masculine, accusative, singular) = world of Indra (chief of the gods)
aśnanti (present tense, 3rd person, plural) = they attain
divyān (masculine, accusative, plural) = divine
divi (neuter, locative, singular) = in heaven
devabhogān (deva + bhogān) (masculine, accusative, plural) = pleasures of the gods
तपाम्यहमहं वर्षं निगृह्णाम्युत्सृजामि च ।
अमृतं चैव मृत्युश्च सदसच्चाहमर्जुन ॥९- १९॥
tapāmyahamahaṃ varṣaṃ nigṛhṇāmyutsṛjāmi ca ।
amṛtaṃ caiva mṛtyuśca sadasaccāhamarjuna ॥9- 19॥
I am the blaze, I send forth and withhold rain, and indeed, I am immortality and death, I am being and non-being, Arjuna.
tapāmi (present tense, 1st person, singular) = I am the blaze
aham (pronoun, 1st person, nominative, singular) = I
aham (pronoun, 1st person, nominative, singular) = I
varṣaṃ (masculine, accusative, singular) = rain
nigṛhṇāmi (present tense, 1st person, singular) = I withhold
utsṛjāmi (present tense, 1st person, singular) = I send forth
ca (conjuction) (indeclinable) = and
amṛtam (neuter, nominative, singular) = immortality
ca (conjuction) (indeclinable) = and
eva (adverb) (indeclinable) = indeed
mṛtyus (masculine, nominative, singular) = death
ca (conjuction) (indeclinable) = and
sat (present participle, neuter, nominative, singular) = being
asat (neuter, nominative, singular) = non-being
ca (conjuction) (indeclinable) = and
aham (pronoun, 1st person, nominative, singular) = I
arjuna (masculine, vocative, singular) = Arjuna
गतिर्भर्ता प्रभुः साक्षी निवासः शरणं सुहृत् ।
प्रभवः प्रलयः स्थानं निधानं बीजमव्ययम् ॥९- १८॥
gatirbhartā prabhuḥ sākṣī nivāsaḥ śaraṇaṃ suhṛt ।
prabhavaḥ pralayaḥ sthānaṃ nidhānaṃ bījamavyayam ॥9- 18॥
...the path, the supporter, the master, the eye-witness, the abode, the refuge, a friend, the origin, the dissolution, the foundation, the treasure house, the imperishable seed.
gatis (feminine, nominative, singular) = path
bhartā (masculine, nominative, singular) = supporter
prabhus (masculine, nominative, singular) = master
sākṣī (masculine, nominative, singular) = eye-witness
nivāsas (masculine, nominative, singular) = abode
śaraṇam (neuter, nominative, singular) = refuge
suhṛd (masculine, nominative, singular) = friend
prabhavas (masculine, nominative, singular) = origin
pralayas (masculine, nominative, singular) = dissolution
sthānam (neuter, nominative, singular) = the foundation
nidhānam (neuter, nominative, singular) = treasure house
bījam (neuter, nominative, singular) = seed
avyayam (neuter, nominative, singular) = imperishable
