Tuesday, October 27, 2015

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 2/Verse 35

भयाद्रणादुपरतं मंस्यन्ते त्वां महारथाः ।
येषां च त्वं बहुमतो भूत्वा यास्यसि लाघवम् ॥२- ३५॥


bhayādraṇāduparataṃ maṃsyante tvāṃ mahārathāḥ ।

yeṣāṃ ca tvaṃ bahumato bhūtvā yāsyasi lāghavam ॥2- 35॥

The great chariot-warriors will think you withdrew from combat out of fear. And having been held in high esteem by those [great-warriors], you will become insignificant. 



Word-for-word translations


bhayāt (neuter, ablative, singular) = from fear


raṇāt (neuter, ablative, singular) = from combat 


uparatam (past passive participle) (accusative, singular) = withdrew


maṃsyante (passive, future tense, 3rd person, plural) = they will think


tvām (pronoun, 2nd person, accusative, singular) = you


mahārathās (masculine, nominative, plural) = great chariot-warriors


yeṣām (relative demonstrative pronoun, genitive, plural) = of those whom

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and


tvam (pronoun, 2nd person, nominative, singular) = you


bahumatas (bahu + matas) (compound) (past passive participle) (nominative, singular) = held in high esteem 


bhūtvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = having been 


yāsyasi (future, 2nd person, singular) = you will become  


lāghavam (neuter, accusative, singular) = insignificant 



Commentary 


This verse has good examples of past passive participle usage in in addition to the genitive case use of the verb "have". 

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