Thursday, October 15, 2015

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 2/Verse 27

जातस्य हि ध्रुवो मृत्युर्ध्रुवं जन्म मृतस्य च ।
तस्मादपरिहार्येऽर्थे न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥२- २७॥


jātasya hi dhruvo mṛtyurdhruvaṃ janma mṛtasya ca ।

tasmādaparihārye'rthe na tvaṃ śocitumarhasi ॥2- 27॥

Indeed inevitable is death of birth and birth is inevitable of death. Therefore, in regards to inevitable business you should not grieve. 


Word-for-word translation

jātasya (genitive, singular) = of birth 

hi (adverb) (indeclinable) = indeed

dhruvas (nominative, singular) = inevitable

mṛtyus (accusative, singular) = death

dhruvam (accusative, singular) = inevitable

janma (nominative, singular) = birth

mṛtasya (genitive, singular) = of death

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and


tasmāt (indeclinable) = therefore 

aparihārye (adjective) (locative, singular) = in regards to the inevitable 

arthe (locative, singular) = in regards to business

na (adverb) (indeclinable) = not

tvam (pronoun, 2nd person, nominative, singular) = you

śocitum (infinitive) (indeclinable) = to grieve

arhasi (present tense, 2nd person, singular) = you should



Commentary

The locative case words "aparihārye" and "arthe" use the less used locative case usage meaning "in regards to" verses the typical meaning of "at" or "in". 

"Arthe" is one of those big, abstract words in Sanskrit whose meaning is hard to pin down to one specific word. "Arthe" is more a philosophical concept of life which involves the part of life when resources are gathered and worked for. "Arthe" is the business side of life. 

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