Monday, February 29, 2016

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 4/Verse 1

श्रीभगवानुवाच
इमं विवस्वते योगं प्रोक्तवानहमव्ययम् ।
विवस्वान्मनवे प्राह मनुरिक्ष्वाकवेऽब्रवीत् ॥४-१॥

śrībhagavānuvāca

imaṃ vivasvate yogaṃ proktavānahamavyayam ।
vivasvānmanave prāha manurikṣvākave'bravīt ॥4-1॥

The Blessed One said, I having declared this 
perennial yoga to Vivasvat. Vivasvat told it to Manu. Manu told it to Ikṣvāku.


Word-for-word translations


śrībhagavān (masculine, nominative, singular) = the Blessed One (epithet of Krishna)

uvāca (past tense, 3rd person, singular) = said


imam (masculine, accusative, singular) = this


vivasvate (masculine, dative, singular) = to Vivasvat (Father of Manu and the Noah of Hindu lore and the progenitor of the human race) 


yogam (masculine, accusative, singular) = yoga


proktavān (participle, masculine, nominative, singular) = having declared 


aham (pronoun, 1st person, nominative, singular) = I


avyayam (adjective) (masculine, accusative, singular) = perennial  


vivasvān (masculine, nominative, singular) = Vivasvat (Father of Manu and the Noah of Hindu lore and the progenitor of the human race) 


manave = to Manu


prāha (past tense, 3rd person, singular) = told 


manus (masculine, nominative, singular) = Manu (the first human)


ikṣvākave (masculine, dative, singular) = to Ikṣvāku (son of Manu)


abravīt (past tense, 3rd person, singular) = told

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