Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 3/Verse 30

Chapter 3/Verse 30

मयि सर्वाणि कर्माणि संन्यस्याध्यात्मचेतसा ।
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः ॥३- ३०॥

mayi sarvāṇi karmāṇi saṃnyasyādhyātmacetasā ।
nirāśīrnirmamo bhūtvā yudhyasva vigatajvaraḥ ॥3- 30॥

Having renounced all actions in me with the mind on the supreme spirit, having become free from desires, one is without the "mine." Freed from distress of the mind, you must fight! 


Word-for-word translations

mayi (pronoun, 1st person, locative, singular) = in me

sarvāṇi (adjective) (neuter, accusative, plural) = all

karmāṇi (neuter, accusative, plural) = actions

saṃnyasya (gerund) (indeclinable) = having renounced 

adhyātmacetasā (neuter, instrumental, singular) = with the mind on the supreme spirit 

nirāśīs (feminine, accusative, plural) = free from desires

nirmamas (masculine, nominative, singular) = one is without the "mine"

bhūtvā (gerund) (indeclinable) = having become

yudhyasva (imperative, 2nd person, singular) = you must fight!

vigatajvaras (vigata + jvaras) (compound) (masculine, nominative, singular) = freed from distress of the mind

Commentary

All translations agree on the first dependent clause of this verse: "Having renounced all actions in me with the mind on the supreme spirit,...." 

I believe there is a grammatical error made in previous translations with the word "nirāśīs". Most previous translations treat "nirāśīs" as a subject with singular number, which is incorrect with the dependent clause of "having become". A direct object is always the recipient of the action of a gerund. The proper grammar designation of "nirāśīs" is a feminine, accusative, plural. Most translations designate it as a masculine, nominative, singular. This is incorrect. Previous translations also incorrectly make the word "nirmamas" an indirect object, which is also incorrect. "Nirmamas" is clearly in subjective and not direct object case, per its declension. "Nirmamas" is the independent clause of the dependent clause "bhūtvā nirāśīs". 

Most translations then agree on the last part of the verse minus the different interpretations.