Saturday, December 5, 2015

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 2/Verse 56

दुःखेष्वनुद्विग्नमनाः सुखेषु विगतस्पृहः ।
वीतरागभयक्रोधः स्थितधीर्मुनिरुच्यते ॥२- ५६॥


duḥkheṣvanudvignamanāḥ sukheṣu vigataspṛhaḥ ।

vītarāgabhayakrodhaḥ sthitadhīrmunirucyate ॥2- 56॥

The mind at ease in discomforts [and] comforts, desire departed, anger, fear, [and] passion departed, [and] understanding which is steadfast. One is called a sage.  



Word-for-word translations


duḥkheṣu (neuter, locative, plural) = in discomforts 


anudvignamanās (anudvigna + manās) (compound) (masculine, nominative, singular) =  the mind at ease

sukheṣu (neuter, locative, plural) = in comforts 


vigataspṛhas (vigata + spṛhas) (masculine, nominative, singular) = desire departed 


vītarāgabhayakrodhas (vīta + rāga + bhaya + krodhas) (masculine, nominative, singular) = anger, fear, passion departed 

sthitadhīs (sthita + dhīs) (compound) (feminine, nominative, singular) = understanding which is steadfast 

munis (masculine, nominative, singular) = a sage 

ucyate (passive, present tense, 3rd person, singular) = one is called 


Commentary


The word "manās" in this verse is typically of neuter gender, but for some reason it is in the masculine gender in this verse. 

Given the heavy use of the nominative case in this verse some of syntax is varied in the previous translations and some of the nouns become adjectives. 

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