Thursday, November 12, 2015

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 2/Verse 45

त्रैगुण्यविषया वेदा निस्त्रैगुण्यो भवार्जुन ।
निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् ॥२- ४५॥


traiguṇyaviṣayā vedā nistraiguṇyo bhavārjuna ।

nirdvandvo nityasattvastho niryogakṣema ātmavān ॥2- 45॥

The Vedic knowledge subjects concern the three guṇas. O Arjuna,  transcend the three guṇas,  be in perpetual equilibrium transcendent of duality, [and] self-possessed transcendent of prosperity.



Word-for-word translations


traiguṇyaviṣayās (traiguṇya + viṣayās) (compound) (masculine, nominative, plural) = the subjects concerning the three guṇas


vedās (adjective) (masculine, nominative, plural) = Vedic knowledge


nistraiguṇyas (masculine, nominative, singular) = transcendent of the three guṇas


bhavārjuna (bhava + arjuna) (masculine, vocative, singular) = O Arjuna be


nirdvandvas (masculine, nominative, singular) = transcendent of duality

nityasattvasthas (adjective) (nitya + sattvasthas) (masculine, nominative, singular) = perpetual equilibrium 


niryogakṣemas (masculine, nominative, singular) = transcendent of prosperity


ātmavān (masculine, nominative, singular) = self-possessed 



Commentary 


The syntax is very interesting in this verse given all the nominative case forms. This verse also has many abstract words such as guṇas, sattva, and ātmavān. 

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